Challenging COVID-19 and its outbreak in Pakistan and across the borders

The pandemic of COVID-19 has covered almost all the globe, due to the rapid transmission of the virus. Drastic effects have been observed in Europe 1707946 confirmed cases and 155552 deaths in America, there are 1655378 confirmed cases and 98723 deaths, in Eastern Mediterranean 255728 confirmed cases 8878 deaths, Western Pacific 159662 confirmed cases and 6470 deaths, in South-East Asia 95314 confirmed cases and 3356 deaths and in Africa 42626 cases are confirmed and 1369 deaths. New cases are being reported meanwhile government has increased its testing capacity to more than 10000 per day and up to date, 283,517 total tests for corona has been performed and 30,062 confirmed cases are reported with 659 deaths however 8,063 patients get recovered which is a hopeful situation as compared to the international scenario. Pakistan has only travel history and there was no evidence of any natural outbreak and the first case was reported quite late as compared to the globe hence its spread was not as violent as that of other countries. The timely lockdown has shown its positive results and fewer cases are reported as were expected despite the rapid transmission.

Pakistani perspective, preparation and response to COVID-19: A review

The recent 2020 emerging infection of COVID-19 was initiated from Wuhan China. At first, it spread around China and now reached more than 213 countries around the globe including Pakistan. The nurses and doctors play an important role before and during the pandemics, nursing plays a leading role in preparation for the outbreak. The clinical symptoms of COVID-19 are very similar to respiratory diseases. Every day the number of laboratory-confirmed cases associated with deaths increasing regularly in different countries around the world. Natural infections of coronavirus are seven (229E, NL63, OC43, HKUI, SARS, MERS and COVID-19). Out of seven four are mild upper respiratory infection, and SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and COVID-19 are known for their high mortality rate. Among them, COVID-19 is an emerging viral infection responsible for pandemics. Fortunately, the mortality rate of COVID-19 is low as compared to SARS and MERS, the majority of cases are recovered in almost all the countries. The death rate toll of COVID-19 is high even after its mortality because COVID-19 causes a pandemic, while the other can't. Currently, COVID-19 influenced a large segment of the world population, which let to public health emergencies around the world, and an international concern, putting all the health organizations to high alert. The present review is on preparation, response, general continent, virology, epidemiology, clinical presentations, diagnosis, treatment and control of COVID-19 regarding Pakistan.